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CSS Properties

A CSS property assign a style or behavior to an HTML element.

Examples include: color, border, margin, font-style, and transform.

Example

#

A table header with a custom background-color.

First Name Last Name Country
Denice Hobermann Canada
Paulo Cornell Brazil
Jane Hollander USA
<style>
  table.tb { width: 450px; border-collapse: collapse; }
  .tb th, .tb td { border: solid 1px #777; padding: 5px; }
  .tb thead { background-color: steelblue; color: white; }
</style>

<table class="tb">
  <thead>
    <tr>
      <th>First Name</th>
      <th>Last Name</th>
      <th>Country</th>
      
    </tr>
  </thead>
  <tbody>
    <tr>
      <td>Denice</td>
      <td>Hobermann</td>
      <td>Canada</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Paulo</td>
      <td>Cornell</td>
      <td>Brazil</td>
    </tr>
    <tr>
      <td>Jane</td>
      <td>Hollander</td>
      <td>USA</td>
    </tr>
  </tbody>
</table>

Property List

CSS supports more than 200 CSS properties. Here's a complete list.
Click a name for details.

Property Description
align-content Aligns items in a flex container along flex lines.
align-items Aligns evenly spaced items in a flex container.
align-self Aligns an item inside a flex container.
all Resets all element properties to its default or inherited values.
animation Creates an animating element.
animation-delay Sets a delay before an animation begins.
animation-direction Sets how, in which direction, an animation is played.
animation-duration Defines the duration of an animation cycle.
animation-fill-mode Defines how styles are applied before and after animation.
animation-iteration-count Sets the number of times an animation is played.
animation-name Defines a name for the animation.
animation-play-state Sets the animation play state to running or paused.
animation-timing-function Specifies the animation speed curve.
backface-visibility Shows or hides the backface visibility of an element.
background Sets the background of an element.
background-attachment Defines how the background is attached to an element.
background-blend-mode Defines the background layer blending mode.
background-clip Defines how background extends beyond the element.
background-color Sets the background color of the element.
background-image Specifies a background image for an element.
background-origin Specifies the background image origin position.
background-position Sets the position of a background image.
background-repeat Specifies how the background image is repeated.
background-size Sets the size of the background image.
border Specifies a border for an element
border-bottom Specifies a bottom border for an element.
border-bottom-color Sets the color of a bottom border .
border-bottom-left-radius Sets the border radius of the bottom left corner.
border-bottom-right-radius Sets the border radius of the bottom right corner
border-bottom-style Sets the style of the bottom border.
border-bottom-width Sets the width of the bottom border
border-collapse Sets table borders to single collapsed line or separated.
border-color Sets the color of the border.
border-image Defines an image as border, instead of a color.
border-image-outset Sets how far a border image extends beyond the border.
border-image-repeat Defines if and how the border image is repeated.
border-image-slice Defines how the border image will be sliced.
border-image-source Specifies the url of the border image file.
border-image-width Sets the width of the image border.
border-left Sets the left border of the element.
border-left-color Sets the color of the left border.
border-left-style Sets the style of the left border.
border-left-width Sets the width of the left border.
border-radius Sets the radius of the border.
border-right Sets the right border of the element.
border-right-color Sets the color of the right border.
border-right-style Sets the style of the right border.
border-right-width Sets the width of the right border.
border-spacing Sets the adjacent table cell distance.
border-style Defines the style of the border
border-top Sets the top border of the element.
border-top-color Sets the color of the top border.
border-top-left-radius Sets the border radius of the top left corner.
border-top-right-radius Sets the border radius of the top right corner.
border-top-style Sets the style of the top border.
border-top-width Sets the width of the top border.
border-width Sets the border width of the element.
bottom Positions the element from the bottom of the relative container.
box-shadow Adds a shadow effect to an element.
box-sizing Sets how element height and width are calculated.
caption-side Defines on which side of the table a caption is placed.
caret-color Sets the color of the blinking mouse caret.
@charset Specifies the character encoding of the stylesheet.
clear Sets the element side that does not allow floating elements.
clip Sets how an image is cropped or clipped inside a container.
clip-path Clips an element inside a specific shape or SVG.
color Specifies the color of text in an element.
column-count Divides an element into the specified number of columns.
column-fill Specifies how divided columns are filled.
column-gap Specifies the space between divided columns.
column-rule Sets the style, width, and color of a column divider.
column-rule-color Sets the color of a column divider.
column-rule-style Sets the style of a column divider.
column-rule-width Sets the width of a column divider.
column-span Sets number of divided columns an element should span.
column-width Specifies the width of a divided column.
columns Divide an element into columns of a certain width.
content Used to insert content before or after an element.
counter-increment Increase or decrease a CSS counter.
counter-reset Initialize or reset CSS counter.
cursor Specifies the shape of the mouse cursor.
direction Specifies the text writing direction of a block-level element.
display Specify an element's display behavior.
empty-cells Specifies whether empty table cell borders will be displayed.
filter Adds an image enhancing effect to an image.
flex Specifies the width of the flexible items.
flex-basis Specifies the initial width of a flex item.
flex-direction Specifies the direction for the flex item to align.
flex-flow Controls the direction and wrapping of flexible items.
flex-grow Specifies how a flex item can grow inside the container.
flex-shrink Specifies how a flex item can shrink inside the container.
flex-wrap Specifies how flexible items wrap inside the container.
float Sets how an element is positioned relative to other elements.
font Sets font family, variant, weight, height, and size for an element.
@font-face Embeds a custom font inside a web page
font-family Sets the font family for an element.
font-kerning Sets the spacing between the font's characters.
font-size Sets the size of the font for an element.
font-size-adjust Specifies a fall-back font size.
font-stretch Sets the text characters to a wider or narrower variant.
font-style Set the font style to normal, italic, or oblique.
font-variant Specifies that text is displayed in a small-caps font.
font-weight Sets the weight or thickness of the font.
grid Defines a grid layout with responsive rows and columns.
grid-area Sets the size and location of grid items in a grid container.
grid-auto-columns Specifies the size of the columns in a grid container.
grid-auto-flow Specifies the initial placement of items in a grid container.
grid-auto-rows Specifies the initial size of the items in a grid container.
grid-column Specifies the size and location of a grid item in a grid container.
grid-column-end Specifies in which column-line the grid item will end.
grid-column-gap Specifies the gap size between columns in a grid container.
grid-column-start Specifies in which column line the grid item will start.
grid-gap Specifies the gap size between grid rows and columns.
grid-row Specifies the grid item size and location in a grid container.
grid-row-end Specifies in which row-line the grid item will end.
grid-row-gap Specifies the gap size between rows in a grid container.
grid-row-start Specifies in which row line the grid item will start
grid-template Divides a page into sections with a size, position, and layer.
grid-template-areas Specifies area in a grid container.
grid-template-columns Sets the number and width of columns in a grid container.
grid-template-rows Sets the number and height of rows in a grid container.
height Sets the height of an element.
hyphens Specifies hyphenation with wrap opportunities in a line of text.
@import Imports a style sheet inside another style sheet.
justify-content Defines the alignment of items in a flex container.
@keyframes Defines the CSS style to animate.
left Positions the element from the left of the relative container.
letter-spacing Sets the spacing between characters.
line-height Sets the vertical spacing between lines of text.
list-style Defines the markers (bullet points) for items in a list.
list-style-image Defines an image markers (bullet points) for items in a list.
list-style-position Sets the marker (bullet point) positions for items in a list
list-style-type Defines the marker types (bullet points) for items in a list
margin Sets the margin (outside spacing) for an element.
margin-bottom Sets the bottom margin (outside spacing) for an element.
margin-left Sets the left margin (outside spacing) for an element.
margin-right Sets the right margin (outside spacing) for an element.
margin-top Sets the top margin (outside spacing) for an element.
max-height Sets the maximumn height for an element.
max-width Sets the maximum width for an element.
@media Applies media queries to a page.
min-height Sets the minimum height for an element.
min-width Sets the minimum width for an element.
object-fit Specifies how an image or video fits inside a container.
object-position Specifies the image or video position inside a container.
opacity Sets the opacity (transparency) of the element.
order Specifies the order of an item in a flex container.
outline Adds an outline (highlighted border) to an element.
outline-color Sets the color of an outline.
outline-offset Sets the space between the outline and border.
outline-style Sets the style of an outline.
outline-width Sets the width of an outline.
overflow Specifies the flow of content that exceeds the container.
overflow-x Specifies the flow of content that exceeds the container width.
overflow-y Specifies the flow of content that exceeds the container height.
padding Sets the spacing between content and element border.
padding-bottom Sets the spacing between content and bottom element border.
padding-left Sets the spacing between content and left element border.
padding-right Sets the spacing between content and right element border.
padding-top Sets the spacing between content and top element border.
page-break-after Adds a print page-break after an element.
page-break-before Adds a print page-break before an element.
page-break-inside Specifies if print page-break is allowed inside an element.
perspective Adds perspective to a 3D-positioned element.
perspective-origin Sets the origin of the perspective for a 3D-positioned element.
pointer-events Specifies whether element reacts to pointer events or not.
position Sets the element's positioning method.
quotes Defines the quotation marks to be used on text.
right Positions the element from the right of the relative container.
scroll-behavior Specifies the scrolling behavior of an element
table-layout Aligns elements according to a table with rows and columns.
text-align Sets the alignment of text inside an element.
text-align-last Sets the alignment for the last line of text.
text-decoration Defines the style and color of underlined text.
text-decoration-color Defines the color of underlined text.
text-decoration-line Defines the kind of line to use with text.
text-decoration-style Defines the style of underlined text.
text-indent Sets the indentation to the beginning of text.
text-justify Defines the text justification inside a container.
text-overflow Sets the display behavior of text that overflows a container.
text-shadow Adds a shadow effect to text.
text-transform Defines text capitalization or casing.
top Positions the element from the top of the relative container
transform Applies a 2D or 3D transformation to an element.
transform-origin Sets the origin for the transformation of the element.
transform-style Specifies the display behavior of 3D space nested elements.
transition Creates transitions from one property value to another.
transition-delay Creates a delay before the transition effect starts.
transition-duration Specifies the time the transition will take.
transition-property Specifies the CSS property that will transition.
transition-timing-function Defines the speed curve function of the transition.
user-select Specifies how text can be selected (highlighted)
vertical-align Specifies vertical alignment of an element.
visibility Specifies the visibility of an element.
white-space Specifies how white-space is handled inside an element.
width Sets the width of an element.
word-break Specifies how line breaks take place.
word-spacing Sets the spacing between words.
word-wrap Specifies how long words can be wrapped.
writing-mode Sets the text reading orientation: top to bottom, etc.
z-index Sets the vertical stacking order relative to other elements.

Vendor Prefixes

Browser vendors regularly experiment with new, non-standard CSS properties. To indicate that these are browser specific they are prefixed, like so:

  • -webkit-...
  • -moz-...
  • -ms-...
  • -o-...

During the transition period when a property is supported by all browsers - but not fully standardized - you will see CSS like this:

-webkit-transition: background-color 2s ease-out;
-moz-transition: background-color 2s ease-out;
-ms-transition: background-color 2s ease-out;
-o-transition: background-color 2s ease-out;
transition: background-color 2s ease-out;

When they become standardized, the prefix becomes obsolete. Depending on the browsers your users use, you may decide to include prefixed properties.

The CSS examples in this tutorial do not include vendor prefixes.


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Last updated on Sep 30, 2023

Earn income with your CSS skills
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